Understanding Hemorrhoids: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
~~ Dr. Wey George Danlami Consultant-Family Physician
PILE (Hemorrhoids)
Hemorrhoids are when the veins or blood vessels in and around your anus and lower rectum become swollen and irritated due to extra pressure. They can be internal or external and are common in both men and women, with about half of all people experiencing hemorrhoids by age 50.
Causes of hemorrhoids include straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, family history, age, and chronic constipation or diarrhea. Symptoms may include blood in stool, pain, swelling, itching, and a hard lump around the anus.
Diagnosis may involve a physical exam, digital rectal exam, anoscopy, proctoscopy, and colonoscopy to check for hemorrhoids and rule out other digestive disorders like colorectal cancer.
Treatment options range from sitz baths to surgery, depending on the severity of symptoms. Surgery may include rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, electrical coagulation, or hemorroidectomy. Complications can arise, such as anemia or a prolapsed hemorrhoid, but can be addressed through medical intervention.
Prevention methods include maintaining a healthy diet, managing constipation, avoiding prolonged sitting on the toilet, and staying at a healthy weight. It's important to work with your healthcare provider to address any concerns or potential risk factors for hemorrhoids.
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